{"id":6478,"date":"2017-04-14T20:29:32","date_gmt":"2017-04-14T17:29:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/siirmolasi.com\/?p=6478"},"modified":"2017-04-14T20:31:42","modified_gmt":"2017-04-14T17:31:42","slug":"gurhan-yazici-cumhuriyet-donemi-turk-edebiyati-tanitim-yazisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.siirmolasi.com\/?p=6478","title":{"rendered":"G\u00fcrhan YAZICI – Cumhuriyet D\u00f6nemi T\u00fcrk Edebiyat\u0131 Tan\u0131t\u0131m Yaz\u0131s\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Ads\u0131z\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Cumhuriyet D\u00f6nemi T\u00fcrk Edebiyat\u0131 adl\u0131 kitab\u0131m \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kitap LYS ve \u00d6ABT\u2019de bu d\u00f6nemden gelecek sorular i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a donan\u0131ml\u0131d\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Milli E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 12. S\u0131n\u0131f T\u00fcrk Dili ve Edebiyat\u0131 m\u00fcfredat\u0131na uygun haz\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan T\u00fcrk Dili ve Edebiyat\u0131 \u00d6\u011fretmenlerinin de ders i\u015flerken yard\u0131mc\u0131 kaynak olarak kullanabilece\u011fi bir yap\u0131dad\u0131r. Cumhuriyet rejimine ge\u00e7i\u015fimizden itibaren edebiyat\u0131m\u0131zda cereyan eden ak\u0131mlar, titiz bir kaynak taramas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan s\u0131ras\u0131yla anlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 228 \u015fair ve yazara yer verdi\u011fimiz bu kitapta 70 civar\u0131nda \u015fiir \u00f6rne\u011fi de bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u015eiirler, \u015fairlerin poetikas\u0131n\u0131 ve i\u00e7inde bulunduklar\u0131 ak\u0131m\u0131 temsil edici yap\u0131ya sahiptir. Cumhuriyet edebiyat\u0131 roman ve hik\u00e2yesinde ise ele al\u0131nan eserler i\u00e7erik ve kahramanlar\u0131yla \u00f6zet halinde verilmi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 durum bu d\u00f6nemin tiyatro \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir. 1980 sonras\u0131 T\u00fcrk \u015fiirinde ve Modernizmi esas alan eserlerde, g\u00fcncel yazarlara da yer verilmi\u015ftir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da kitap i\u00e7inden \u00f6rnek bir sayfaya yer verilmi\u015ftir. Kitap hakk\u0131nda bilgi almak isteyenler G\u00fcrhan Yaz\u0131c\u0131 facebook sayfas\u0131ndan ya da 05065998109 no\u2019lu telefondan irtibat kurabilir.<\/p>\n

Cemal S\u00fcreya (1931-1990)<\/strong><\/p>\n

1931 y\u0131l\u0131nda Erzincan\u2019da d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015ftir. 1990 y\u0131l\u0131nda vefat etmi\u015ftir. Ailesinin Dersim harek\u00e2t\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Bilecik\u2019e g\u00f6nderilmesi \u00fczerine ilk ve ortaokulu burada okumu\u015ftur. Ailesine yirmi y\u0131l Bilecik\u2019ten \u00e7\u0131kmama cezas\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. Cemal S\u00fcreya Haydar Pa\u015fa Lisesini pekiyi dereceyle bitirmi\u015ftir. Sonras\u0131nda A\u00dc Siyasal Bilgiler Fak\u00fcltesine kaydolmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

\u015eair bitmemi\u015f ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7lar\u0131n adam\u0131d\u0131r. S\u00fcrekli bir eylem i\u00e7erisindedir. Ama eylemlerini sonuna kadar devam ettiremez. \u00c7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan, \u00e7ok okuyan, daha ilkokul y\u0131llar\u0131ndan itibaren yazma eylemiyle u\u011fra\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir \u015fairdir. Hayat\u0131na bir\u00e7ok kad\u0131n girmi\u015ftir. Tam be\u015f kez evlilik yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n\u015eiire geleneksel T\u00fcrk \u015fiiriyle giri\u015f yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yay\u0131mlanan ilk \u015fiiri \u015eark\u0131s\u0131 Beyaz\u2019d\u0131r. \u0130kinci Yenicilerin \u00f6nc\u00fclerindendir. Fakat onlardan ayr\u0131lan \u00f6zelli\u011fi, \u0130kinci Yeni \u015fiiri anlama kapal\u0131yken onun \u015fiirinde anlam, sarih bir \u015fekilde \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar. Folklor \u015eiire D\u00fc\u015fman adl\u0131 eseriyle bir\u00e7ok kesim taraf\u0131ndan tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n merkezine al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fakat onun bundan kast\u0131, halk ve divan edebiyat\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015ftirmeden taklit yoluyla i\u015flenmesidir. Cemal S\u00fcreya\u2019n\u0131n \u015fiirlerine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda \u00f6zg\u00fcr ko\u015fman\u0131n ve halk ile divan edebiyat\u0131 anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Fakat kendine has imge d\u00fcnyas\u0131yla ve yeni bir formla, halk ve divan edebiyat\u0131na yer vermi\u015ftir. Onun kar\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u015fey, \u015fiirin \u00f6z\u00fcmsenmemesidir.<\/p>\n

Cemal S\u00fcreya\u2019 n\u0131n edebiyata e\u011filimi, \u00e7ocuklu\u011funda okudu\u011fu Hazreti Ali cenkleri, K\u00f6ro\u011flu \u00f6yk\u00fcleri, 1001 roman ve Yavrut\u00fcrk gibi tefrikalarla ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Onun edebiyat hayat\u0131nda en etkilendi\u011fi \u015fiirlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda, Ahmet Muhip D\u0131ranas\u2019\u0131n Kar \u015fiiri gelmektedir. Bunun yan\u0131nda Dostoyevski\u2019nin eserleri \u015fairin i\u00e7 d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 huzursuzlu\u011fa gark etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Cemal S\u00fcreya ilk \u015fiiri \u00dcvercinka\u2019dan itibaren T\u00fcrk \u015fiirinde farkl\u0131 bir yer edinmi\u015f ve bu farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fiir hayat\u0131 boyunca muhafaza etmi\u015ftir. \u00dcvercinka \u015fiir kitab\u0131, \u015fairin s\u00f6zc\u00fcksel sapmalar ve yeni kelimeler \u00fcretmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcyle onun \u015fairlik ser\u00fcvenini \u00f6zetlemektedir. G\u00fcvercin kelimesinin ilk harfini atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sonraki kanad\u0131 kelimenin ise sadece ilk hecesini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Cemal S\u00fcreya\u2019n\u0131n \u015fiirlerinde tarihle y\u00fczle\u015fme, siyasal olaylar, resme, m\u00fczi\u011fe, sinemaya yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6ndermeler \u00f6nemli bir yer tutmaktad\u0131r. Onun \u015fiirinde en \u00e7ok dikkat \u00e7eken unsurlardan birisi de \u00f6l\u00fcme, yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa, umutsuzlu\u011fa bir \u00e7are gibi sundu\u011fu erotizmdir. Ancak o, \u015fiirlerinde erotizmi canland\u0131r\u0131rken toplumsal de\u011ferlerden uzak d\u00fc\u015fmez. Cemal S\u00fcreya\u2019da zaman zaman su y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kan bir isyan duygusu da h\u00e2kimdir. Ona g\u00f6re \u015fiir anayasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r, kurulu d\u00fczene kar\u015f\u0131d\u0131r ve tabiat\u0131n ahlak\u0131 kovdu\u011fu yerde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n

\u015eair \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir imge d\u00fcnyas\u0131na sahiptir. Enis Batur\u2019un belirtti\u011fi gibi : \u201cCemal S\u00fcreya, \u0130kinci Yeni \u015fairi olarak an\u0131lan \u015fiir hareketi i\u00e7ersinde imge duyarl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla di\u011fer \u015fairlerden ayr\u0131l\u0131r. O, imge \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tmadan akt\u00fcel konularda, a\u00e7\u0131k se\u00e7ik s\u00f6z kurmu\u015ftur. Ayn\u0131 zamanda imgeleri kullan\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki geometrik \u00e7izgiyle onlardan ayr\u0131l\u0131r.\u201d
\nCemal S\u00fcreya\u2019n\u0131n \u015fiir kaynaklar\u0131 olarak kutsal kitaplar\u0131, T\u00fcrk \u015fiir gelene\u011fini, mitolojiyi, tarih ve co\u011frafyay\u0131 sayabiliriz. Ayn\u0131 zamanda onun \u015fiiri b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn \u015fiiridir. \u015eair hayat\u0131 boyunca k\u0131rka yak\u0131n ev de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Ve bu onda bir adres sorununa neden olmu\u015ftur. Bu g\u00f6\u00e7lerin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131, \u00e7ocukluk y\u0131llar\u0131na kadar uzan\u0131r. \u015eair, de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fi evlerin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 G\u00fcz Biti\u011fi adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle dile getirmi\u015ftir: \u201cHi\u00e7bir semtte berberin olmad\u0131 \/ 1954-1980 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \/26 y\u0131lda 28 ev de\u011fi\u015ftirdin \/Leke ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 nas\u0131l tan\u0131maz seni.\u201d<\/p>\n

Cemal S\u00fcreya, yay\u0131m hayat\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir yeri olan \u201cPapir\u00fcs\u201d adl\u0131 derginin sahibidir. Bu dergi maddi imk\u00e2ns\u0131zl\u0131klardan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc d\u00f6nem d\u00f6nem kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. A\u011fustos 1980\u2019de ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yaln\u0131z d\u00f6rt say\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karabildi\u011fi bu dergiyi, Haziran 1966 ve May\u0131s 1970 aras\u0131 47, 1980-1981 aras\u0131 iki say\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karabilmi\u015ftir. Papir\u00fcs, \u0130kinci Yenicileri bir \u00e7at\u0131 alt\u0131nda toplamas\u0131 ve onlar\u0131n \u015fiirice mecra olu\u015fturmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcyle de \u00f6nemli bir dergidir.<\/p>\n

Yazar, \u015fiir d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda d\u00fczyaz\u0131 ile de u\u011fra\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n en g\u00fczel mektuplar\u0131ndan say\u0131lan 13 G\u00fcn Mektuplar\u0131\u2019n\u0131, kalp ameliyat\u0131 olacak, e\u015fi Zuhal Tekkanat\u2019a yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

As\u0131l ad\u0131 Cemalettin Seber\u2019dir. Fakat kendisi bu isim ve soyad\u0131n\u0131 be\u011fenmez. Bunun \u00fczerine Cemal S\u00fcreyya ismini kullanmaya ba\u015flar. Haf\u0131zas\u0131na \u00e7ok g\u00fcvenen \u015fair, bir arkada\u015f\u0131yla iddiaya girer. \u0130ddian\u0131n konusu bir telefon numaras\u0131d\u0131r. \u015eair mevzusu ge\u00e7en telefon numaras\u0131n\u0131n kendisinin dedi\u011fi gibi oldu\u011funu \u00f6ne s\u00fcrer. \u015eayet iddiay\u0131 kaybederse isminden bir harf atmay\u0131 da iddian\u0131n kural\u0131 olarak belirler. Fakat iddiay\u0131 kaybeder. Bunun \u00fczerine isminde atacak bir harf bulamay\u0131nca S\u00fcreyya\u2019n\u0131n y\u2019lerinden birini atar. Y\u0131llar sonra ba\u015fka bir \u015fair S\u00fcreyya Evren : \u201cBen de bu \u201cy\u201dyi al\u0131r ismime koyar\u0131m.\u201d der ve isminde \u00fc\u00e7 y harfi bulundurur.<\/p>\n

Cemal S\u00fcreya, edebiyat d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda karikat\u00fcr ve resme ilgi duymaktad\u0131r. \u0130mzas\u0131, onun profil halidir. \u00dc harfinin noktalar\u0131 da \u00e7ok sevdi\u011fi sigaras\u0131n\u0131n duman\u0131d\u0131r. Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Belediyesi, \u015fairin y\u0131llarca oturdu\u011fu Ba\u015fak apartman\u0131n\u0131, onun an\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fatmak ad\u0131na m\u00fczeye \u00e7evirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Cigaray\u0131 Att\u0131m Denize<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eimdi bir g\u00fcvercinin u\u00e7u\u015funu b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyoruz
\nG\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn o me\u015fhur mavili\u011finde
\nUzun sa\u00e7l\u0131 iri memeli kad\u0131nlar\u0131yla
\nBir Akdeniz \u015fehri \u00e7\u0131kabilir i\u00e7inden
\nAl\u0131p yaracak olsak y\u00fcre\u011fini
\n\u015eimdi bir g\u00fcvercinin<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi sen tam \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndas\u0131n yan\u0131na var\u0131lacak
\n\u00d6n\u00fcnde durulacak tam elinden tutulacak
\nHangi bir elinden g\u00fczelim hangi bir
\nBir elinde k\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n duruyor garip huysuz
\n\u00d6b\u00fcr elinde yeti\u015fkin bir g\u00fcn\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131
\nDaha \u00f6b\u00fcr elinde kilometrelerce h\u00fcrl\u00fck
\n\u00c7al\u0131\u015fan insanlar i\u00e7in ak\u015famlara kadar
\nToz duman i\u00e7inde
\nBir elinle de boyuna ekmek kesiyordun<\/p>\n

Biz eskiden de en a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6yleydik senlen
\nBir bulut ge\u00e7iyorsa onu g\u00f6r\u00fcrd\u00fck
\nBir minarenin keyfine diyecek yoksa onu
\nBir adam boyuna yoksulluk ediyorsa onu
\nNe zaman h\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n sevginin a\u015fk\u0131na
\nBir cigara atm\u0131\u015fsak denize
\nSabaha kadar yand\u0131 durdu<\/p>\n

Eserleri:<\/strong> \u00dcvercinka, G\u00f6\u00e7ebe, Beni \u00d6p Sonra Do\u011fur Beni, Sevda S\u00f6zleri, S\u0131cak Nal, G\u00fcz Biti\u011fi (\u015fiir); \u015eapkam Dolu \u00c7i\u00e7eklerle, Folklor \u015eiire D\u00fc\u015fman, 99 Y\u00fcz (deneme-ele\u015ftiri)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cumhuriyet D\u00f6nemi T\u00fcrk Edebiyat\u0131 adl\u0131 kitab\u0131m \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kitap LYS ve \u00d6ABT\u2019de bu d\u00f6nemden gelecek sorular i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a donan\u0131ml\u0131d\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Milli E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 12. S\u0131n\u0131f T\u00fcrk Dili ve Edebiyat\u0131 m\u00fcfredat\u0131na uygun haz\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan T\u00fcrk Dili ve Edebiyat\u0131 \u00d6\u011fretmenlerinin de ders i\u015flerken … Okumaya devam et →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[360],"tags":[2109,208],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.siirmolasi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6478"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.siirmolasi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.siirmolasi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.siirmolasi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.siirmolasi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6478"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.siirmolasi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6478\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6483,"href":"https:\/\/www.siirmolasi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6478\/revisions\/6483"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.siirmolasi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6478"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.siirmolasi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6478"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.siirmolasi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6478"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}